![]() Git creates a list of all the files and directories contained in the tree, along with their mode, type, and SHA-1 object name. To calculate the SHA-1 hash of a tree object, Git follows these steps: This creates a mapping between the names of the files and directories to their corresponding hashes. It does this by including a list of the files and directories contained in the directory, along with the SHA-1 object name (a unique identifier) of each file or directory. It’s an abstraction that enables Git to store a collection of files and directories together in a single object. So then, how do we match a file with its respective contents?Ī tree object is a type of Git object that represents the contents of a directory in a Git repository. ![]() Second blob objects do not store the name of the file in it and only stores the contents of a file. If there existed a JSON representation of a blob object, it could look something like this:Ī couple things to note here First, git objects are not stored as JSON in Git. This allows Git to track the changes to the file over time and manage the file’s history. When you make changes to a file and commit the changes, Git stores the new contents of the file ( in its entirety, not just the diff ) as a new blob object with a new SHA-1 hash. This hash is later used to locate the blob object in the Git object database (.git/objects). To generate the hash for a blob object, Git calculates the SHA-1 hash of the file contents. Blob objectsĪ blob, short for “binary large object,” is a type of Git object that stores the contents of a file as a snapshot in the Git object database. Git objects are the fundamental building blocks of a Git repository, used to store data such as commits, files, and directories. So then what are the values / the content of which we are taking the hash? To understand that, we have to learn more about Git objects Objects More specifically, the keys are just SHA-1 hashes of the values. So what exactly do those keys and values look like? Hashes of the values, mostly. And, as its name suggests, it stores and accesses values (the data/ content) with keys (the content address). In other words, at the heart of Git lies a straightforward key-value data store. Whether you’re a Git novice or an experienced developer, this post will provide valuable insights into the inner workings of the world’s most popular and powerful version control system. However, by learning about how Git operates at a lower level, you’ll more intuitively understand what is happening when you run commands like and git cherry pick. git commit -amend counts as rebasing.Git is often one of the first tools developers learn to use, but it also is a black box of ~magic~ to many for that same reason. Rule of thumb is once you've pushed a change, don't rebase it. They'll get errors trying to pull and will have to do work to fix it up and it's a big mess. Forcing a push is very unfriendly to other developers whose work based on C will now be invalid. This tells git that D is the new tip of master now and to throw out C. ![]() This is the preferred option as it allows you to push normally and won't mess up anyone else's work. Then you can do a normal commit (not a commit amend). soft will retain the work in D, but now your parent is C. To fix this git reset -soft origin/master. When you try to push git refuses because only fast forwards are allowed. Origin/master and master have now diverged. D's parent is B, so you've made a branch. This takes the changes between B and C, plus your new edits, and creates a new commit D. After you've pulled, master and origin/master are at the same commit. It's the pull and then commit -amend that messed things up.
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